QRM
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Newsletter of the Tasmanian Division
of the
Wireless Institute of Australia
(Insertin ‘A.R.")
£. o
Tasmanian Directory.
The new Directory of Divisional Officers will be included in
the May edition of "QRM", the first one after the A.G.M. at TARC.
Northern Branch Officers for 1987/88 are:
President: Gra VK7ZGG. Vice-President: Mike VK7MA.
Secretary: Rick, VK7ZZ. Treasurer: Bob VK7NRR. 3
Broadcast co-ordinator: Bill, VK7AV.
WICEN co-ordinator: Phil, VK7JJ.
QSL co-ordinator: Col VK7LZ.
Education Officer: Peter, VK7ZPM.
Next two Northern Branch meetings: April 10th. and May 8th.
Northwestern Branch officers for 1987/88 are:
President: John, VK7KDR. Vice-Pres: Greg, VK7ZBT.
Secretary: Tony, VK7AH. Treasurer: Bruce, VK7/MB.
QSL's: Steve, VK7EQ. Activities: Greg, VK7ZBT.
WICEN: John, VK7ZPT. Stores: Rob, VK7KAB.
Repeater: Andrew, VK7ZAP., Broadcast: John, VK7KDR.
Next two N.W. Branch meetings: April 14th. May 11th,
Southern Branch Officers for 1987/88 are:
President: Keven, VK7KV. Vice-Pres: Barry, VK7RS.
Secretary: Stewart, VK/NXA, Treasurer: Phil, VK7BZ.
Repeater co-ordinator: Anthony, VK7ZTA.
WICEN: Alan, VK7CI. Stores: Mike, VK7ZBW.
Next Southern Branch meeting: May 6th.
Broadcast Information.
Time of transmission: 09.00 local on Sundays.
Frequencies: 80m: 3.570 MHz. 40m: 7.13 MHz.
2m: (FM) Repeaters, 2,3 and 8 linked.
2m: (SSB) 144.1 MHz.
ém: (SSB) 52.1 MHz.
News items or other copy for broadcasts should be sent to:
N.W. B'cast Officer: John, VK7KDR, 004-372112,
North " " : Bill, VK7AV, 003-441584. (Temp).
South " " : John, VK7JK, 002-293402. (Temp).
QRZ? __QRZ? _ QRZ? _ QRZ?
Someone was aking on the broadcast recently about a manual for
the TS520S but the enquirer cannot be traced. If the need is
still there, please contact the Editor, and your problem will
be solved.
This saying was brought to our notice by the response of WIA
members - or a certain proportion of them - to requests for
nominations at recent A.G.M's:
We like work,.,..it fascinates us.,...we can sit and watch it
for hours on end.
RADIOTORIAL,
3.
“"QRM" hit another disaster last month. In spite of the fact that
the porcel of 375 "QRM's" was handed in to the Mail Centre in Hobart
THREE days before the deadline laid down by the Automail firm who
carry out the insertions, copies were still not distributed in "A,R."
The Federal Office did its best to help - in view of the TARC
requirements ~ by getting the parcel returned by courier, making up
three separate parcels, one for each Branch, and then sending them
back across the Bass Strait!! What do we have to do to achieve success?
The number of questiornaires returned has now risen to 33 - just
about 10% of the Tasmanian membership. To summarise the opinions
expressed will take some time, but some results will certainly be
ready for the A.G.M. at TARC. There was most support (I was going
to say "massive" but 957 of 107 isn't a landslide by any means) for
"QRM" to retain its present format but with "more local news",
"WICEN reports" (these are being published now under VK7CI's -Alan's
leadership), "Branch doings", "Divisional reports", "repeater
operations/problems", "reprints of past projects", "new calls" and
"home brew articles", The interesting point to note is that nearly
all these headings require an INPUT from a whole range of members.
So, the Editor gives a hearty cheer at this point, expecting that
those who wrote these headings (and took the trouble to send off
their answers) will "put their money where their mouths are" and
supply that input.
Other points made : there should be a Tasmanian Division News in
"A.R." - we don't exist in it!! There should be a "bumper" issue
of "QRM" once a quarter instead of monthly. There should be
occasional personal portraits of local celebrities. And Finally,
(as they say) more people would make use of the broadcasts if they
were transmitted at 9.30 a.m.
“Your Editor is mightily encouraged by the expressions of appreciation
incorporated in many of the questionnaires. As far as he is
concerned, "QRM" can improve greatly if the suggestions are carried
out., He has listed them all and will now be tapping the fraternity
state-wide for the vaoriety of topics outlined.
You may also be interested to know that the Ed. has received his
first completely negative questionnaire return, anonymous, of course,
but postmarked Zeehan. It would be embarrassing to print some of the
words used (not to the Ed,, but to some of his readers!) and there's
not a positive suggestion in it. If only the writer had put his
name on it, he would have proposed for next year's Editor. What an
improvement there would have been then!!
Back to more serious matters: since our limit is 10 pages and 250mm
by 190mm, an increase in the amount of copy will entail a reduction
in the size of print - but go ahead, just the same - force the Ed.
into packing more on a page. It will be a task in which he will
take great delight!
73. > VK7JK.
/
“When is an SWR not an SWR?" or
"How to lead yourself up the
garden path",
by Noel, VK7EG.
We all seem to have a pretty good
idea of what an SWR is. We also
understand that having an SWR
means having a mismatch, and we
know how to calculate from SWR
readings what the mismatch is in
terms of input to load impedance.
Right?? WRONG::
I thought I knew a bit about SWR
until I started discussing the
whole question with a VK5 (by
rather protracted correspondence).
It has been my experience, and no
doubt yours too, that it is
possible to adjust the indicated
"A FEWTEE\-H‘N(] WOBLEMS W[TH OUQ SWR at the rig by altering the
MICROWAVE TQANSMYTHNG.pQO]ECT" length of coax. The text books
tell us that this is possible,
stressing at the same time that
such trimming does not alter the
mismatch at the antenna. No argument there. The problem came about
because the VK5 (a learned gentleman) insisted that it was quite
correct to apply the formula SWR = RL and so calculate the load
Z0
impedance from SWR readings. He made the point that it mattered not
where the SWR meter was inserted in the line, "because SWR does not
vary along the line". This did not fit the idea of being able to trim
coax length for a match. ce Of course, I knew he was wrong, but
was he? And how to prove it if he was? This, then is where we
started. He would quote one authority and I would have to read up on
that point to get my thinking straight. As a result of my studies, I
would then quote other authorities, and so it went on. I don't if HE
is convinced, but I do know that I have a much better understanding
of the problem. I know for example, that SWR is only equal to RL
when the load is purely resistive. Z0
I know that a simple SWR meter, such as we mostly use, will give an
inaccurate reading of reflected voltage unless this voltage has a
sine wave form. This inaccuracy becomes more pronounced the more
the wave form departs from the sine wave. The,wave form is only
sinusoidal at points where voltage and current are in phase, and
become less and less so, as the impedance becomes more and more
reactive. .. Therefore our much loved SWR meters can and do lead
us up the garden path!! .. So, do we throw away our SWR meters??
No, of course not. BUT we do need to be wary of their shortcomings
and take these into account. We can use our SWR meter to check
the match (into the rig) by having the meter within a couple of feet
of the rig. 5.
If we want to get all clever and work out what the load impedance
isat the antenna, we should use an impedance bridge capable of
measuring the reactive content. OR we should be sure that we are
measuring at the resonant frequency of the antenna, this will ensure
that we have a resistive load. We should connect our SWR meter at
an exact electrical half-wave from the load, or multiples thereof.
THEN and only then can we use our SWR readings as a basis for
calculation,
Noel VK7EG, 30 Spencer St. Burnie.
Letter to the Editor.
Dear John,
The following is an account of the work that several
amateurs do for the Royal Hobart Regatta Association...
For many years the Wireless Institute helped to provide
communications for the Royal Hobart Regatta. The, due firstly to
the lack of volunteers, and then the fact that the Association set
up its own communications network, the amateur involvement ceased.
About three years ago, amateur radio was again colled
upon, but this time in a quite different role. Now it is used to
provide a means of "on the spot" reports, which are relayed over
the public address system.
The starts and first third of the course of many of the
rowing races are broadcast direct to the public. This is very
professionally done by Alan, VK7ZAR, from one of the Umpire's
runabouts, using two metres or seventy cms. This signal is
received in the announcers' booth at the Regatta ground by Shane,
VK7BX, and on cue from the announcer, patched direct into the P.A,
In a similar way, the Trans-Derwent swim is covered,
with the finish handled by Keven, VK7KV, and Warren VK7CV,
This year, for the first time, coverage of a presentation
in the chopping arena was also accomplished.
One year we even had a "bird's eye" view of the Regatta
by courtesy of Brian VK7RR, from a light aircraft.
Geof, VK7ZAS, has looked after the technical side of the
P.A, for many years, and Mike, VK7FB, runs'Regatta Base" on the
27 MHz and V.H.F. marine bands, controlling some thirty patrol boats.
So, amateur radio is well represented at the Royal Hobart
Regatta each year,
DE VK7FB.
Oceania Net.
Bill, VK7AV reports, courtesy Bob, VK7/NRR, that the Oceania Net is
being re-opened by Ivan, ZL1AQO, so here are the details:
VK/ZL OCEANIA NET, Saturdays, from 21st. March 1987 on 3.570 MHz
at 09.00 Zz,
You ask for more Branch news in replies to the questionnaire -
well, here you are.
Southern Branch News.
There was a memorable event recently, when W.I.A., Medallions
were officially presented for long and meritorious service to
the Institute, to
Edgar, VK7RY .. and Tom, VK7AL.
Congratulations to you both, and may your association continue for
many more yedrs,
Three new callsigns were reported: Stewart, VK/NXA, David, VK7NDO
and Wynn, VK7NYW
Well done and welcome to the group. There are more to come - @
clear indication of the effectiveness of the Novice Course held
last year.
VK7CI, Alan says there is to be a WICEN exercise in the near future
to take place before the really bad weather sets in (!) and details
will soon be available to both participants and interested
observers. Probable date: mid-April.
Shane Brian Alderton VK7/NRT was admitted as a member of the WIA
recently. We hope he will find a great deal to interest him in
the activities of the Southern Branch. :
Things are looking up! Mike VK7ZWW has indicated his willingness
to be considered for nomination for a position on the Council.
Thanks, Mike - let's hope your example will encourage others to
follow:
The Activity Centre has been very busy lately, with alignment and
testing of a goodly number of 151 2m. units. Crystals are now
available for Rptr. 2 and Channel 50 for these units, giving a
useful opportunity to get on the air on VHF.
Northwestern Branch News.
Andrew, VK7ZHA, is involved in the construction and programming of
a RTTY Mailbox system, utilising the repeater on Mt, Duncan., For
this to be successful, interest and input besides cash will be
required. The reaction so far is disappointing. Is it because
you don't know what a RTTY Mailbox can do for you? Or do you need
thinking time? Mt. Duncan repeater is very accessible over a wide
area, including across the Ditch. Many in the north would have
no difficulty in getting in, so have a word with Andrew VK7ZHA and
discuss the project with him, There are several Siemens 100's
around collecting dust, or you could go via computer. So give the
programme some positive consideration and Andrew something worth-
while to look forward to. Software is on hand thanks to our
Victorian cousins, as is technical advice and participation in
using the system.
VK7ZAP is anxious to help with conversion of carphones or RTTY
terminals. Please advise him of your need and be prepared to set
up at the school.
QmafiRadie———— .
Where North Meets South '
VK7 STAGES A STATE FIELD
DAY
By 7P;\.
As the outcome of an inspiration to take full advantage of the time, in Qur secretary and others, visited
of some 12 months ago, a committee fact, the trunsmission was carried on Lake Leake, to investigate the possi-
of three, Messrs. C. Wright (7LZ), till 13.05, owing to a couple of the bilities of a fishing excursion—hi!—
C. Parish (7CP), and J. Wallis cars being seen approaching the but owing to it being in the opposite
(7JW), representing the Northern locality at the time scheduled to close direction to the transmitter, they
“ districts, met Messrs. H. Moorhouse down. were nearly late for the kill!
(sce.), W. T. Hooker (7JH), and J. The transmitter was situated on the
Morris, who represented the Soutk,
road betwecen Epping Forest and Lunch and photos finished, an hour
at the club rooms, Hobart, on March Cressy, approximately 13 miles air was spent in general chatter between
9th last, and as a result, a State Field
line from Campbell Town, with two Northern and Southern gangs, after
Day was arranged—the first of its roads by which it could be which, owing to ‘the distance from
kind in Tasmania—-to take place on approached, on¢, an open road from home, au revoirs were exchanged,
Sunday, March 31st. Epping; the other, a road from Camp- and a start for home was made, each
The district of Campbell Town bell Town, barrcd by gates innumer- as the mood suited.
(approx. 80 miles from Hobart), was
able, much to the annoyance of those There was the variety of incidents
chosen as a satisfactory area although who happenced that way.
nearer to the Northern end, the usually associated with such gather-
reason being, that the North Westerr It was not until within about three ings, some amusing, some printable,
members would be better met for miles of the transmitter that the and others not so printable, as thoge
travel distance. modulation bccame readable, but concerned will recall. Of course, one
from then on, the location was easily or two mishaps must be, or thi
made. wouldn’t be complete; amongst these
It was an ideal situation, a small one car had to be towed home after
clearing surrounded by low trees of an attempt to run without lubrica-
wattle and honeysuckle, good, both as tion—another wrecked a couple o
a hiding place and also as a picnic wheels and a running board and mud
ground. guards, but was fortunate in bein
The transmitter consisted of an able to procure a second spare whee(
Electron Coupled Oscillator 224, and in time to take part in the even
a 59 Power Amp., with 10 watts in- these two were the major troubles
The VK7 Gang put, Suppressor Grid Modulator was
(Pop Medhurst is the guy with the striped tie in others had tyre and other minor
thecentre.) used, power for the F.F. end wuas troubles.
taken from a 500-volt generator,
The arrangements were well
driven from the rear axle of 7JW'’s
carried out, and the enthusiasm with
which the whole affair was accepted car, the wheel being removed and a Nostalgia Column.
is manifest in the muster that
pulley fitted in its stead, while the
Audio Amplifier and Modulator were Without any comment at all
resulted. Here [ would like to say,
that, as all who know him arc aware, battery fed. The outfit was complete from the Editor, present-day
a big proportion of this success must even to a gramo. motor, and the readers may find a great man
be attributed to the untiring effort microphone was of the P.M.G. variety. points giving food for thought
of our very active secretary, and with All cars in, lunch was the next on on this page.
due credit to the committees that the programme, and all did justice
assisted him. to this very necessary adjunct, which, 52 years ago!! Think of it!
in some cases, even consisted of
Cars were all at the starting point (Anyone who can sort out who
in time for a line up at 09.45, when grilled chops, done by the use of the
those with cameras indulged them- camp fire, and with the aid of a is who in the photograph -
sclves in photography. Then sealed forked stick. even "Pop" Medhurst - must
instructions as to location of trans- Appetites appeased, and a rest have a better magnifying
mitter were issued to each car, these taken, cameras were again produced. glass than the Editor).
for use of unsuccessful searchers, and A variety of receiving equipment
a start was made. was to be seen, from the detector and
Weather conditions were perfect, one, up to a four valve with an R.F. Later in the year, we hope
although earlier a heavy fog had stage, also, loop aerials of all sorts to publish a 50-year-old
made the prospects look bad. and sizes, some outside the -cars, Dinner Menu which has some
The transmitter was in the hands others inside, directly attached to the very interesting signatures
of TL7Z and 7JW. The £0-metre band receivers, were used. on it. Let's hope the
was used, and ‘phone. the order of 7CK “landed the bacon’” an hour archives of the Southern
the day, the limit being 20 wmiles and a half after the start, and this
radius from the starting point. Branch in Newtown Road will
is possibly attributable to some ex-
The time set out for transmission have some equally reportable
tent to his using an R.F. stage, giving
was 10.00 to 13.00, and a punctuzl him a better lead off in the early items for "QRM" in 2035.
start was made. Un{ortunately, stages when signals were so weak;
either owing to local conditions of not wishing in any way to discredit
some sort or other, or the position his .ability, for he was far ahead of
of the transmitter itself, signals at the rest. 7PA was second in for the
the start werc nothing more than a day, and first for South, others follow-
very weak carrier, and it proved to be ing in in fairly close succession.
a pretty knotty problem, and although
the winning car was in within an
Ist May, 1935.
hour and a half, most were forced
A MODIFIED-PI ATU
L
Ll
Ga1___T
-
L1 = Plug-in to st
{
/. 2 turn link Conventional Pt coupler
Cl = 200pl or 250pk
(2 == Zipt or 250pt”
The beauty of the modified-Pi is that by point. No balunis used and the mean aerial The Modified-Pi ATU allows an
using two independent capacitors in series height is about 30 feet. Although simple in almaost pertect match to the S00-600 Ohm
it allows an infinitely variable ‘tap’ down concept the actual setting up of the system fecd lines of Windom or VSIAA aerials. It is
the coil as the proportion of the two demands some patience if it is to perform cers sinular (o the standard Pi coupler
capacities varies. With equal capacitance properly. The resonant top starts off about crrautl
the ‘tap’ is effectively half way down the 63 feet long before testing and "pruning’
coil. When the lower capacitor C2 is greater and it is broken by a small pyrex insulator This off-set feed dipole has enabled John
than Cl the tap is more ‘earthy’ and the 161t 8in from one end; that end nearest the to work some fantastic DX and has left
impedance at the feed point is lowered. shack window. Across the insulator the many stations with beams spluttering when
Both capacitors must be adjusted to main- coax is connected, which for the 100 watt he raises the rare ones before they do! He
tain resonance and cannot be ganged to a output levels used by G3BRD need only be never uses more than 100 watts PEP and
common spindle. Their frames and spindles standard TV acrial type cable, End insulators finds that the four lobed radiation pattern
are also not at earth potential and must be are used and one end of the wire goes to a of a full wave antenna does him proud over
insulated from the chassis or panel. A pair convenient pine tree. The other end goes the major land masses. A long list of
of 200 or 250pF variables are ideal in this over to a 20 foot pole fixed to the garage prefixes would be needed to amplify the
circuit and the coil inductance for each and the feeder drops straight down at right results gained from this antenna, but mouth
band will be as suggested in the earlier angles for about 16 feet to the shack watering items such as VKO, JT, 3BS, 3BY,
article describing a simple parallel tuned window below. This feeder must drop KHG, (31 and ete. are just a sample. The
circuit. The total capacitance in circuit for vertically. reports received average S6-7 which is
each band should give resonance with this very good for i wire antenna at that power
capacitance in pFs being equal to the bana level.
in metres; ie 40pF on 7MHz or 40m. Plug-in Should the reader like an efficient mono-
coils are essential, for most attempts at ‘‘Each inch of the top band acriz! for 14MHz which does not need
switching can prove to be lossy and shorted
coil turns must certainly be avoided.
at the far end raised an ATU and the coffers do not run to the
purchase of a tower and beam, the G3BBRD
the resonant is worthy of investigation. It is a real DX
frequency by about antenna, cheap, not too difficult to set up
The G3BRD ‘Special 100kHz.”’
and ideal for the average garden.
Another good friend of the writer is
G3BRD (with whom he once shared a With low power and an SWRmeterin the Other systems and things
house many years ago) and with his per- feed line at the shack SWR readings are
mission [ shall attempt to describe his off- taken over the band. If as suggested the
centre feed antenna which is proving to be top is too long the best SWR will be at the
almost miraculous in its DX potential. This LF end beyond. Considerable pruning next Descriptions of aerials which use off-
antenna has not been tried at the writer's takes place but no wire is cut at this stage; centre feed with 300 Ohm ribbon feeder
QTH but I have seen the original, operated the top is dropped and some excess wire is may be found (eg the WIGJY and others)
with it, and can testify as to its great pulled through the insulator at the far end and DI2ZKY has described a version which
performance. John, G3BRD developed the furthest from the feed point and wrapped uses a L6 balun at the feed point and has
aerial when living in Canada operating as around the top temporarily. By continuing 60 Ohm (where do you find this?) coax
VE3BRG and he refined it for use on 11MHz this procedure the SWR will come down. feeder. Noodescription of these aerials
when he returned to live in the UK G3BRD initially found that his SWR was given for they have not been seen or tested
much too high (more than 1:4) but pruning by the writer and no guarantee of their
brought this down to 1:1.1 on [4.2Ml{z. e cffectiveness can be offered.
A top, one found that each inch of the top at the far
wavelength long on end raised the aerial's resonant frequency
Before leaving the topic of asymmetrical
feed some mention must be made of the
the operating by about 100kHz.
fact that they can be used as Marconi
frequency When finished the acrial was quite (fat acrials and tuned against ground on the LF
across the band and the SWR only went up bands. Then the feeder acts as the radiator
to 1:2.1 at the band edges enabling SSB and and the top becomes a top loading capaci-
It has a top one wavelength long on the CW operation. It is important that to begin tance which contributes little to the radi-
operating frequency and a 75 Ohm coaxial with the top is longer than theory suggests ation. The system then becomes a top
feeder which is connected a quarter wave- and also that all pruning takes place at the loaded “T" acrial and is vertically polarised;
length from one end at a current maxima far end away from the feed point. just the job for 160m DX!
7.
Dear John,
under the heading "Federal
On the 15th Feb broadcast, notes
from VJ7J G" , ment io n was made of the rece nt read er s survey
carr ie d out by ARA and, from the publ is he d resu lt s, certain
conc lu si on s were gquo te d.
For example, it was stated that because 47% of those
resp on di ng only agre ed "to a poin t" , it ap pe ar ed the
on s/ Ha rr is on os al s ld ".
Lint prop "wou not be a goer It wa s also
stated that because only 21% felt CW should be dropped, there
was "still an interest in CW".
Having been caught before by statistics I know how easy it
is to fool ourselves and, while we are all entitled to our
opinion, the fact that the remarks were made at all, seems
re as on en ou gh fo r us to ex am in e th e wh ol e su rv ey mo re cl ely.
os
If on ly to re mind ou rs el ve s of ho w ca re fu l we mu st be in
reading statistical data.
Firstly, we must look at the stated reason for the survey.
Th is wa s in tr od uc ed by th e st at em en t th at , "E ve ry no w and then
we like to make sure we are steering a course that complements
the views and interests of .... the readers." To me this means
they simply wanted to know how to make their magazine more
sa le ab le.
Secondly, lets look at the size of the sample. That is, how
many replies they received. 751 were received by 30 Oct 1386,
and 500 were evaluated to provide the results published. What
does this mean in relationship to the amateur population of
Australia? The survey polled only 385 amateurs cut of a grand
total of 16474, representing 0.0233%. So we are looking at the
opinions of less than 174 % of the licenced amateurs. Hardly a
meaningful proportion! As for the 115 non amateurs, my
calculat or became confused when I asked it to work out what
percentage of the Australian population they represent!
Do you wonder why I become a little wary when the opinion
of such a minute fraction of licenced amateurs is used as a
son
basis for saying the Linton/Harri proposals will not be a
goer?
As far as CW is concerned, while there is certainly "still
an interest", it is significant that 48% of limited and
combined licencees are in favour of it ceasing to be a
requirement. (I wonder why?), On the other hand, 94% of the
full calls want it retained. (Could this be construed as an
"if I had to do it, so should you" attitude?)
I suggest we get the survey results in perspective before
we draw too many conclusions. It is too easy to be lead astray
by statistics, especially when the sample is only 1/4 %!!!
Let us always remember two truisms about statistics.
"You can prove anything with statistics" and;
"There are three kinds of liars, liars, damned liars and
statisticians"!
73
Noel Davies VK7EG
FOR_SALE FOR SALE FOR SALE
International Reply Coupons (IRC's), 50 cents each, including
postage. (minimum order quantity 10). Stock up NOW for CYCLE 22.
from VK7RM QTHR or phone 002.232808.
May Issue Closing Date.
Please let the Editor have all copy for May “QRM" by Thursday 16th
April. Either by phone to 002,293402, by 2m. FM via Rptr. 2, or
by letter to: 1, Darville Court,
Blackman's Bay, 7152,
Hobart.
ERRATA
.
Our more salubrious technical magazines aren't the only ones to
make errors. In our March edition, we reported that crystals for
R7 could be bought for the 151 units. This should, of course,
as all you boffins knew all the time, really have been R2. And
under WICEN News, once again R7 should be R2. Hope some of you
haven't been searching through all the info books to find what
frequency R7 is on!
ANDY TIPPS b Dy
ANDY SAYS:-
"This is very useful gadget for you to carry around
when visiting exhibitions, rallies or second-hand
dealers:~ a pocket crystal checker.
Plug in a crystal, press the switch, and if the
crystal oscillates, the L.E.D. will light".
(with acknowledgments to "Amateur Radio" U.K.)